Laboratory & Inspection Practice
ISO/IEC 17020 for inspection bodies: independence and competence
Key requirements for impartial inspection, classification of bodies, and evidence control.
Why this matters
Credible accreditation depends on consistent methods, clear decisions, and evidence that stands up to independent review. This publication translates essential expectations into practical steps so teams can prepare, communicate, and operate with confidence.
Key requirements and expectations
- Link technical competence to methods, equipment, and personnel.
- Demonstrate control of critical technical activities.
- Show traceability, uncertainty, and data integrity.
- Maintain records that prove repeatability and validity.
- Inspection types must be defined and consistently applied.
- Independence class affects governance and controls.
- Inspection plans must link to decision criteria.
Evidence and records to prepare
- Method validation or verification records and approvals.
- Calibration certificates and equipment maintenance logs.
- Training and authorization records for technical staff.
- Proficiency testing results and follow-up actions.
- Inspection plans and reports with decision criteria.
Common pitfalls to avoid
- Using unvalidated methods or undocumented deviations.
- Incomplete measurement uncertainty or traceability chains.
- Missing training records for authorized signatories.
- Sampling or chain-of-custody steps not controlled.
- Undefined inspection type or mixed classification claims.
Practical checklist
- Confirm methods are validated or verified for intended use.
- Maintain up-to-date equipment and calibration schedules.
- Document staff competence and authorization limits.
- Review PT and QA results before external assessment.
- Document inspection decision rules and sign-off authority.